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      <a href="/2018/02/07/d3-tree-notes-4-zoom-amd-drag/" title="D3.js-Tree实战笔记4--添加拖动和缩放" itemprop="url">D3.js-Tree实战笔记4--添加拖动和缩放</a>
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      <a href="https://godbasin.github.io" title="被删">被删</a>
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    <time datetime="2018-02-07T07:11:52.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2018-02-07</time>
    更新日期:<time datetime="2018-12-18T15:23:33.993Z" itemprop="dateModified">2018-12-18</time>
    
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			<strong class="toc-title">文章目录</strong>
		<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#添加鼠标事件"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">添加鼠标事件</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#d3-zoom"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">d3-zoom</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#Zoom-Events"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">Zoom Events</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#添加-zoom-事件的处理"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">添加 zoom 事件的处理</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#根据节点数量和层级调整间距"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">根据节点数量和层级调整间距</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#结束语"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">结束语</span></a></li></ol>
		</div>
		
		<p>因为业务需要折腾起了图表，《D3.js-Tree 实战笔记》系列用于记录使用该库制作 Tree 图表的一些笔记。本节我们来给图表添加拖动和缩放吧。</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<h1 id="添加鼠标事件"><a href="#添加鼠标事件" class="headerlink" title="添加鼠标事件"></a>添加鼠标事件</h1><hr>
<h2 id="d3-zoom"><a href="#d3-zoom" class="headerlink" title="d3-zoom"></a>d3-zoom</h2><p>不得不说，这节我们增加的拖动和缩放功能，都是通过<code>d3-zoom</code>模块来完成的。<br><code>d3-zoom</code>可以对 selections 进行平移和缩放，它封装了浏览器支持的 input events 并对浏览器兼容性做了处理。</p>
<p>我们先来介绍下基本的 API：</p>
<p><strong>d3.zoom()</strong><br>创建一个 zoom 操作。返回一个 zoom 对象方法，通常被传递给 selection.call 来调用。</p>
<p><strong>zoom.scaleExtent([extent])</strong><br>设置或获取缩放范围。默认为<code>[0, ∞]</code>。</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 这里我们创建了zomm操作，同时通过scaleExtent设置缩放区域为0.1-100倍。</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> zoom = d3.zoom().scaleExtent([<span class="number">0.1</span>, <span class="number">100</span>]);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><strong>zoom.on(typenames[, listener])</strong><br>三种情况：设置，取消，获取事件监听器。</p>
<ol>
<li>如果指定了 listener，则为对应的 typenames 设置事件监听器。</li>
<li>如果 listenter 为 null，则取消对应的 typenames 监听器。</li>
<li>如果没有指定 listenter，则返回对应的 typenames 监听器。</li>
</ol>
<p>typenames 是一个字符串，由 type 和 name 组成。也就是可以为同一种事件类型添加多个监听器。type 必须为如下几种：</p>
<ul>
<li>start：开始缩放 (比如鼠标按下)</li>
<li>zoom：开始缩放变换(比如拖拽)</li>
<li>end：缩放结束(比如鼠标抬起 )</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> zoom = d3</div><div class="line">  .zoom()</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 设置缩放区域为0.1-100倍</span></div><div class="line">  .scaleExtent([<span class="number">0.1</span>, <span class="number">100</span>])</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 监听缩放变换事件，包括拖动和滚轮</span></div><div class="line">  .on(<span class="string">"zoom"</span>, () =&gt; &#123;&#125;);</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 绑定zoom事件，通过单独定义dblclick.zoom，释放zoom双击事件（默认为双击放大，会与动态请求冲突）</span></div><div class="line">selection.call(zoom).on(<span class="string">"dblclick.zoom"</span>, () =&gt; &#123;&#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>更多的 API 详情，请参考<a href="https://github.com/xswei/d3js_doc/tree/master/API/d3-zoom-master" target="_blank" rel="external">d3-zoom</a>。</p>
<h2 id="Zoom-Events"><a href="#Zoom-Events" class="headerlink" title="Zoom Events"></a>Zoom Events</h2><p>当 zoom event listener 被调用时, d3.event 会被设置为当前的 zoom 事件。zoom event 对象由以下几部分组成:</p>
<ul>
<li>target：当前的缩放 zoom behavior。</li>
<li>type：事件类型:“start”, “zoom” 或者 “end”; 参考 zoom.on。</li>
<li>transform：当前的 zoom transform(缩放变换)。</li>
<li>sourceEvent：原始事件, 比如 mousemove 或 touchmove。</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">zoom.on(<span class="string">"zoom"</span>, () =&gt; &#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 可以获取zoom事件当前的缩放状态</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(d3.event.transform);</div><div class="line">&#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="添加-zoom-事件的处理"><a href="#添加-zoom-事件的处理" class="headerlink" title="添加 zoom 事件的处理"></a>添加 zoom 事件的处理</h2><p>svg 里面包括很多的子元素，我们这里采用给整个 svg 添加 zoom 事件，来进行完整的缩放和拖动处理：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 这里我们将svg元素，和子group元素拆分</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> svg = d3</div><div class="line">  .select(<span class="string">"body"</span>)</div><div class="line">  .append(<span class="string">"svg"</span>)</div><div class="line">  .attr(<span class="string">"width"</span>, width + margin.right + margin.left)</div><div class="line">  .attr(<span class="string">"height"</span>, height + margin.top + margin.bottom);</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 子group元素存为view变量</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> view = svg</div><div class="line">  .append(<span class="string">"g"</span>)</div><div class="line">  .attr(<span class="string">"transform"</span>, <span class="string">"translate("</span> + margin.left + <span class="string">","</span> + margin.top + <span class="string">")"</span>);</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 创建zoom操作</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> zoom = d3</div><div class="line">  .zoom()</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 设置缩放区域为0.1-100倍</span></div><div class="line">  .scaleExtent([<span class="number">0.1</span>, <span class="number">100</span>])</div><div class="line">  .on(<span class="string">"zoom"</span>, () =&gt; &#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 子group元素将响应zoom事件，并更新transform状态</span></div><div class="line">    view.attr(</div><div class="line">      <span class="string">"transform"</span>,</div><div class="line">      <span class="string">"translate("</span> +</div><div class="line">        (d3.event.transform.x + margin.left) +</div><div class="line">        <span class="string">","</span> +</div><div class="line">        (d3.event.transform.y + margin.top) +</div><div class="line">        <span class="string">") scale("</span> +</div><div class="line">        d3.event.transform.k +</div><div class="line">        <span class="string">")"</span></div><div class="line">    );</div><div class="line">  &#125;);</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// svg层绑定zoom事件，同时释放zoom双击事件</span></div><div class="line">svg.call(zoom).on(<span class="string">"dblclick.zoom"</span>, () =&gt; &#123;&#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>这里，不管是鼠标滚轮的事件还是拖动事件，都会触发 zoom 事件响应。如果说滚轮事件与页面上下滚动事件相斥的话，我们可以通过<code>zoom.filter()</code>来过滤。我们如果想要改成按下 ctrl 键的同时，滚动鼠标滚轮才进行缩放，可以这样修改：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> zoom = d3</div><div class="line">  .zoom()</div><div class="line">  .scaleExtent([<span class="number">0.1</span>, <span class="number">100</span>])</div><div class="line">  .filter(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// isWheelEvent为是否滚轮事件</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">var</span> isWheelEvent = d3.event <span class="keyword">instanceof</span> WheelEvent;</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 返回是否ctrl与滚轮同时触发</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> !isWheelEvent || (isWheelEvent &amp;&amp; d3.event.ctrlKey);</div><div class="line">  &#125;)</div><div class="line">  .on(<span class="string">"zoom"</span>, () =&gt; &#123;&#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>效果如图，缩放前：<br><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/1513511660%281%29.png" alt="image"></p>
<p>放大后：<br><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/1513511993%281%29.png" alt="image"></p>
<h2 id="根据节点数量和层级调整间距"><a href="#根据节点数量和层级调整间距" class="headerlink" title="根据节点数量和层级调整间距"></a>根据节点数量和层级调整间距</h2><p>而当我们的层级树和子节点树上去之后，我们的节点会挤到一起，而要避免文字被遮挡，需要调整间距。</p>
<p>我们先来定义两个函数方法，分别用来获取最深层数和最大子节点数。</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 获取最多的子节点数</span></div><div class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">getMax</span>(<span class="params">obj</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">let</span> max = <span class="number">0</span>;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (obj.children) &#123;</div><div class="line">    max = obj.children.length;</div><div class="line">    obj.children.forEach(<span class="function"><span class="params">d</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</div><div class="line">      <span class="keyword">const</span> tmpMax = <span class="keyword">this</span>.getMax(d);</div><div class="line">      <span class="keyword">if</span> (tmpMax &gt; max) &#123;</div><div class="line">        max = tmpMax;</div><div class="line">      &#125;</div><div class="line">    &#125;);</div><div class="line">  &#125;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> max;</div><div class="line">&#125;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 获取最深层级数</span></div><div class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">getDepth</span>(<span class="params">obj</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> depth = <span class="number">0</span>;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (obj.children) &#123;</div><div class="line">    obj.children.forEach(<span class="function"><span class="params">d</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</div><div class="line">      <span class="keyword">var</span> tmpDepth = <span class="keyword">this</span>.getDepth(d);</div><div class="line">      <span class="keyword">if</span> (tmpDepth &gt; depth) &#123;</div><div class="line">        depth = tmpDepth;</div><div class="line">      &#125;</div><div class="line">    &#125;);</div><div class="line">  &#125;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">1</span> + depth;</div><div class="line">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>同时，我们在每次更新节点状态时，重新进行 tree 的大小调整：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">updateChart</span>(<span class="params">source</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 大致计算需要放大的倍数</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> scale = (getDepth(root) / <span class="number">8</span> || <span class="number">0.5</span>) + (getMax(root) / <span class="number">12</span> || <span class="number">0.5</span>);</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 定义Tree层级，并设置宽高</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> treemap = d3.tree().size([height * scale, width]);</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 其他处理</span></div><div class="line">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="结束语"><a href="#结束语" class="headerlink" title="结束语"></a>结束语</h1><hr>
<p>本节我们添加了鼠标操作，包括滚轮缩放和拖动，主要依靠 d3-zoom 模块来实现。同时，考虑文字重叠，也进行了些处理。<br>细心的小伙伴们或许会发现 d3-drag 模块，骚年还没用到，不过或许区别在于整体的拖动和单个元素的拖动吧。<br><a href="https://github.com/godbasin/godbasin.github.io/tree/blog-codes/d3-tree-notes/4-zoom-amd-drag" target="_blank" rel="external">此处查看项目代码</a><br><a href="http://d3.godbasin.com/4-zoom-amd-drag/index.html" target="_blank" rel="external">此处查看页面效果</a></p>
  
		
		<p style="margin-top:50px;">查看Github有更多内容噢：<a href="https://github.com/godbasin">https://github.com/godbasin</a></p>
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	<p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;">码生艰难，写文不易，给我家猪囤点猫粮了喵~</p>
	<div class="author-right">
  		<p>作者：被删</p>
  		<p>出处：<a href="https://godbasin.github.io">https://godbasin.github.io</a></p>
  		<p>本文版权归作者所有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。</p>
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